Argumentative Essay India This is a professional blogger.comive academic exchange activities enable us to keep blogger.com, we can write you a top-quality essay, be it admission, persuasive or description one, but if Essay On Literacy Rate In India you have a more challenging paper to write, don't worry % () Argumentative essay topics for india; Business case study in malaysia essay · We have provided a few sample essays on the topic India. There is one extended essay of words; a short essay of words; and ten lines on the subject of India. Long Essay on India in English words. Essay on India is usually helpful for students in classes 7, 8, 9, and They can be asked to write these essays for assignments and exams. India is the seventh-largest country The Constitution of India is the longest Constitution in the world, which describes the framework for political principles, procedures and powers of the government. The Constitution of India was written on 26 November and came into the force on 26 January In this essay on the Constitution of India, students will get to know the salient features of India’s Constitution and
History of India Essay | Indian Child
INDIA IS A LAND of ancient civilization, with cities and villages, cultivated fields, and great works of art dating back 4, essay of india, years. Such problems are a relatively recent phenomenon. Rhinoceros inhabited the North Indian plains as late as the sixteenth century. Historical records and literature of earlier periods reveal the motif of the forest everywhere.
Stories of merchant caravans typically included travel through long stretches of jungle inhabited by wild beasts and strange people; royal adventures usually included a hunting expedition and meetings with unusual beings.
In the Mahabharata and the Ramayanaearly epics that reflect life in India before B. and B. The formulaic rituals of the Vedas also reflect attempts to create a regulated, geometric space from the raw products of nature. Human beings, mostly humble folk, have within a period of generations turned the wilderness into one of the most complicated societies in the world. The process began in the northwest in the third millennium B. The second stage occurred during the first millennium B.
By the seventh century A. Although there were ebbs and flows in the pattern, the essay of india tendency was for peasant cultivators and their overlords to expand agriculture and animal husbandry into new ecological zones, essay of india, and to push hunting and gathering societies farther into the hills. By the twentieth century, most such tribal see Glossary groups, although constituting a substantial minority within India, essay of india, lived in restricted areas under severe pressure from the caste-based agricultural and trading societies pressing from the plains.
Because this evolution took place over more than forty centuries and encompassed a wide range of ecological niches and peoples, the resulting social pattern is extremely complicated and alters constantly. India had its share of conquerors who moved in from the northwest and overran the north or central parts of the country. These migrations began with the Aryan peoples of the second millennium B.
and culminated in the unification of the entire country for the first time in the seventeenth century under the Mughals. Mostly these conquerors were nomadic or seminomadic people who adopted or expanded the agricultural economy and contributed new cultural forms or religions, such as Islam.
The Europeans, primarily the English, arrived in force in the early seventeenth century and by the eighteenth century had made a profound impact on India. India was forced, for the first time, into a subordinate role within a world system based on industrial production rather than agriculture.
Many of the dynamic craft or cottage industries that had long attracted foreigners to India suffered extensively under competition with new modes of mass production fostered by the British. Modern institutions, such as universities, and technologies, such as railroads and mass communication, broke with Indian intellectual traditions and served British, rather than Indian, economic interests.
A country that in the eighteenth century was a magnet for trade was, by the twentieth century, an underdeveloped and overpopulated land groaning under alien domination. Even at the end of the twentieth century, essay of india, with the period of colonialism well in the past, Indians remain sensitive to foreign domination and are determined to prevent the country from coming under such domination again.
One distinctive aspect of the evolution of civilization in India has been the importance of hereditary priesthoods, often Brahmans essay of india Glossarywho have functioned as intellectual elites. The heritage preserved by these groups had its origin in the Vedas and allied bodies of literature in the Sanskrit language, which evolved in North India during the second millennium B. This tradition always accepted a wide range of paths to ultimate truth, and thus encompassed numerous rituals and forms of divinity within a polytheistic system.
Generally, Brahmans supported the phenomenon known as Sanskritization, or the inclusion of local or regional traditions within Sanskrit literary models and pan-Indian cultural motifs.
In this way, there has been a steady spread of North Indian cultural and linguistic forms throughout the country. This process has not gone unopposed. Siddhartha Gautama the Buddha and Mahavira founder of Jainism in the fifth century B. represented alternative methods for truth-seekers; they renounced the importance of priesthoods in favor of monastic orders without reference to birth, essay of india.
The largest challenge came from Islam, which rests on Arabic rather than Sanskritic cultural traditions, and has served, especially since the eleventh century, as an important alternative religious path. The interaction of Brahmanical religious forms with local variations and with separate religions creates another level of complexity in Indian social life, essay of india. Closely allied with religious belief, and deeply rooted in history of India, caste remains an important feature of Indian society.
Caste in many Indian languages is jatior birth—a system of classifying and separating people from birth within thousands essay of india different groups labeled by occupation, ritual status, social etiquette, and language.
Scholars have long debated the origins of this system, and have suggested as the origin religious concepts of reincarnation, essay of india incorporation of many ethnic groups within agricultural systems over the millennia, or occupational stratification within emerging class societies, essay of india. What is certain is that nineteenth-century British administrators, in their drive to classify and regulate the many social groups they encountered in everyday administration, established lists or schedules of different caste groups.
At that time, it seemed that the rules against intermarriage and interdining that defined caste boundaries tended to freeze these groups within unchanging little societies, a view essay of india fit well with imperialistic models imposed on India as a whole. Experience during the twentieth century has demonstrated that the caste system is capable of radical change essay of india adaptation, essay of india.
Modernization and urbanization have led to a decline in the outward display of caste exclusiveness, so that issues of caste may never emerge directly on public transit or in the workplace. Entire castes have changed their status, claiming higher positions as they shed their traditional occupations or accumulate money and power.
In many villages, however, the segregation of castes by neighborhood and through daily behavior still exists at the end of the twentieth century. In the cities, segregation takes more subtle forms, emerging directly at times of marriage but existing more often as an undercurrent of discrimination in educational opportunities, hiring, and promotion.
The British schedules of different castes, especially those of very low or Untouchable Dalit—see Glossary groups, later became essay of india basis for affirmative-action programs in independent India that allowed essay of india members of the most oppressed caste groups access to good education and high-paying jobs. The reservation of positions for Backward Classes see Glossary has remained a sore point with higher-ranked groups and has contributed to numerous political confrontations.
Meanwhile, attempts by low-ranking and desperately poor castes to organize and agitate against discrimination have been met with violence in most Indian states essay of india territories, essay of india. Caste, therefore, is a very live issue.
Religious, caste, and regional diversity exist in India against a background of poverty. At independence inthe British left India essay of india terrible condition.
The country emerged from World War II with a rudimentary scientific and industrial base and a rapidly expanding population that lived primarily in villages and was divided by gross inequalities in status and wealth. During the s and s, large government investments made India as a whole into one of the most industrialized nations in the world.
Considerable expenditure on irrigation facilities and fertilizer plants, combined with the introduction of high-yield variety seeds in the s, allowed the Green Revolution to banish famine. The abolition of princely states and large land holdings, combined with mostly ineffective land redistribution schemes, also eliminated some of the most glaring inequalities in the countryside and in some areas, such as Punjab, stimulated the growth of middle-sized entrepreneurial farms.
Government-owned firms controlled iron and steel, mining, electronics, cement, essay of india, chemicals, and other major industries. Telecommunications media, railroads, and eventually the banking industry were nationalized.
Import-substitution policies, designed to encourage Indian firms and push out multinational corporations, included strict and time-consuming procedures for essay of india licenses and laws that prohibited firms from operating in India without majority ownership by Indian citizens or corporations. These rules were instrumental, for example, in driving IBM from India in the s, leading to the growth of an indigenous Indian computer industry.
By the late s, however, after Mrs. Inefficiency in public-sector firms, lack of entrepreneurial innovation, excessive bureaucracy, and the inability of the Indian scientific and technical apparatus to transfer technology to marketable goods kept many Indian firms from being competitive in international markets.
Under Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and his successors, the national and essay of india states, union territories, and the national capital territory governments liberalized licensing requirements and eventually rescinded rules on foreign ownership, while taking steps to scale down government market share in a number of high-technology markets.
Multinational firms began to reenter India in the late s and the early s, as the government encouraged private enterprise and international sales in its search for foreign exchange. India began to open its economy to the world, essay of india. Indian-style socialism was probably necessary in the years after independence to protect essay of india nation from foreign economic domination, but its biggest problem was that it did not eliminate poverty. A significant minority of the population in the s live below the Indian definition of the poverty line, surviving at subsistence level, essay of india, unemployed or underemployed, with little education or opportunity for training, and suffering from a variety of curable health problems.
There are also some million people who live above the official poverty line, but whose lives remain precariously balanced on the border of destitution, essay of india. The per capita income of India as a whole remains among the lowest in the world. One of the biggest issues facing India as its economy has changed direction is that free-market capitalism offers little help for this essay of india mass of people, who lack the skills or opportunity to participate in the new economy.
The big social story of India in the s and the s is the emergence of the middle class. This group includes members of prosperous farming families, essay of india, as well as the primarily urban-based professional, administrative, and business elites who benefited from forty years of government protection and training. By the mids, essay of india, the drive toward modernization had transformed The members of this increasingly vocal middle class chafe under the older, regulated economy and demand a loosening of economic controls to make consumer goods available on the free market.
They want education for their children that prepares them for technical and professional careers, increasingly in the private sector instead of the traditional sinecures in government offices. They build their well-appointed brick houses in exclusive suburban neighborhoods or surround their lots with high walls amid urban squalor, driving their scooters or automobiles to work while their children attend private schools.
The result of these processes over the course of fifty years is a dynamic, modernizing India with major class cleavages. The upper 1 or 2 percent of the population includes some of the wealthiest people in the world, who can be seen at the racetrack in the latest fashions from Paris or Tokyo, who travel extensively outside India for business, essay of india, pleasure, or advanced medical care, and whose children attend the most exclusive English-language schools within India and abroad.
For the middle class, which makes up between 15 and 25 percent of the population, the end of the twentieth century is a time of relative prosperity: incomes generally keep pace with inflation and jobs may still be obtained through family connections. The increase in consumer goods, such as washing machines and electric kitchen appliances, makes life easier and reduces dependence on lower-class and low-caste servants.
For the industrial working class, the s are a period of transition as dynamic new industries grow, mostly in the private sector, essay of india, while many large government-sponsored plants are in jeopardy. The essay of india union movement, essay of india, essay of india connected in some states with communist parties, essay of india, finds itself under considerable pressure during a period of structural change in the economy.
For essay of india numbers of peasants and dwellers in urban slums, essay of india, a way out of poverty remains as elusive as it had seemed for their grandparents at independence.
Democratization started when a group of concerned British citizens in India and well-to-do Indian professionals gathered in Bombay in to form a political debating society, the Indian National Congress Congress—see Glossary. Originally conceived as a lobbying group, the Congress after became radicalized and took the forefront in a drive for home rule that encompassed elected assemblies and parliamentary procedure.
In the face of British intransigence, the Congress soon became the leading organization within a broad-based freedom struggle that finally forced the British out in Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi the Mahatma or Great Soul was a central figure in this struggle because he was able to turn the Congress from an elite pressure group into a mass movement that mobilized hundreds of millions of people against the immorality of a foreign, nondemocratic system.
Gandhi perfected nonviolent techniques for general strikes and civil disobedience, and coordinated demonstrations with mass publicity; the techniques that he popularized have played a part in later Indian and world politics including the United States civil rights movement. He evolved a philosophy of political involvement as sacrifice essay of india the good of the world and played the role of a holy man who was also a cagey politician—an image that remained important for Indian political figures after independence, essay of india.
In a move to undercut British industrial superiority, Gandhi encouraged a return essay of india a communal, rustic life and village handicrafts as the most humane way of life. Finally, he railed against the segregation of the caste system and religious bigotry that reduced large minorities within India to second-class citizenship.
Gandhi was thus able to unite European humanistic and democratic ideas with Indian concepts of an interdependent, responsible community to create a unique political philosophy complete with action plan. On a regular basis, essay of india, however, Indian leaders continue to hearken back to his message and employ his organizational and media tactics on the independent Indian political scene, essay of india.
The Congress remained the most important political organization in India after independence. Except for brief periods in the late s and late s and until the mids, the Congress always controlled Parliament and chose the prime minister.
The political dynasty of Jawaharlal Nehruhis daughter Indira Gandhi, and her son Rajiv Gandhi was crucial in keeping the Congress in power and also providing continuity in leadership for the country. The party was able to appeal to a wide segment of the poor including low castes and Muslims through its ideology of social equality and welfare programs, while appealing to the more prosperous voters—usually from upper castes—by preserving private property and supporting village community leadership.
Because it stayed in power so long, the Congress was able to dispense government benefits to a wide range of constituencies, which prompted charges of corruption and led to Congress reversals in the late s.
Because it affected a type of socialist policy, the Congress diffused or incorporated left-wing political rhetoric and prevented the growth of a communist-led insurrection that might have been expected under the difficult social conditions existing in India. Although a vibrant communist movement remains a force in Indian politics, it manifests itself at the state level of government rather than in national political power or large-scale revolutionary turmoil.
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Argumentative Essay India This is a professional blogger.comive academic exchange activities enable us to keep blogger.com, we can write you a top-quality essay, be it admission, persuasive or description one, but if Essay On Literacy Rate In India you have a more challenging paper to write, don't worry % () Argumentative essay topics for india; Business case study in malaysia essay The Constitution of India is the longest Constitution in the world, which describes the framework for political principles, procedures and powers of the government. The Constitution of India was written on 26 November and came into the force on 26 January In this essay on the Constitution of India, students will get to know the salient features of India’s Constitution and · Essay on Indian Festival Words in English. Below we have provided the Festival of India Essay in English, suitable for class 6, 7, 8, 9 & India is a land known for fairs and festivals. The vast diversity of different cultures, languages, and religions makes it distinctive and unique in the world
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